The fashion of Roman antiquity was not only an expression of social status, but also a reflection of the materials and weaving techniques available. At a time when clothing was dominated by handwork and natural fabrics, wool and linen played a central role. Luxurious fabrics made of silk and cotton also found their way into the Roman Empire, but these exotic fabrics were reserved exclusively for the wealthy upper classes.
Wool – the heart of Roman clothing
Wool was by far the most important material for the production of clothing in antiquity. It was readily available, warm and could be processed in different ways. Our wool fabrics are authentic in cloth and twill weave and diagonal weave, just like the originals from Roman times.
Fine and thin woolen fabrics were particularly suitable for tunics and robes. They enabled the characteristic drapery that can still be admired today on ancient statues, tomb steles and mosaics. These draping fabrics emphasized the elegance of Roman clothing and were not only comfortable but also dignified in appearance. If you are looking for authentic material for Roman garments, you will find it here: Muslin.
For the colder months or for protection from the wind and weather, thicker wool was required. The Paenula, a warm coat, was made from more robust woolen fabrics. These wrapped the body protectively and at the same time offered freedom of movement – ideal for travelers and soldiers.
Linen – the cooling alternative
While linen was less common in the early imperial period, it became particularly important in late antiquity. Our linen fabrics are woven in plain weave, as was the case in antiquity. Linen was breathable and light – perfect for hot summer days in the Mediterranean. Particularly famous are the elaborately decorated Coptic tunics worn in late antiquity, whose colorful borders and patterns provide a glimpse into the fashion preferences of the time.
Luxurious exotics: Silk and cotton
For wealthy Romans, who demonstrated their status through clothing, exotic fabrics such as silk and cotton were a sought-after commodity. These were imported from the Far East and were expensive – accordingly, they were mainly found among the elite. Silk fabrics were often refined with gold or purple dyes, as purple was considered the color of emperors and senators. Cotton, on the other hand, was lighter and more pleasant on the skin, an exclusive alternative to linen.
Colors and dyeing techniques – The finishing touches to Roman fashion
Roman clothing was by no means just white, as is often portrayed in films. Wool was dyed in many colors – with vegetable dyes such as madder root for red tones, woad for blue or saffron for a warm yellow. Purple, a deep reddish purple obtained from the glands of the purple snail, was particularly valuable.
Discover our selection of authentic fabrics and create your own historical garment with materials that are based on the look and feel of antiquity. Whether for reenactment, theater or museum projects – bring Roman fashion to life with our authentic fabrics!
